29 de abril de 2024 · 6 min de lectura
Historia del jet privado
Hoy en día los jets privados son algo muy común. Puede fletar un jet privado en cuestión de unos pocos clics, y miles de personas poseen uno.
Sin embargo, hace solo unos años los jets privados no existían. De hecho, ni siquiera existía la aviación comercial. Muchas personas atribuyen el auge del jet privado al auge de la aviación comercial. Esto se debe a que la gente siempre desea llegar más alto y vivir la vida de los ricos y famosos.
Exploremos la historia del jet privado y reflexionemos sobre lo que el futuro depara a este medio de transporte.
Aunque los primeros jets privados eran modestos tanto en potencia de motor como en capacidad de pasajeros, han evolucionado de forma espectacular desde entonces, ¡y algunas aeronaves privadas incluso utilizan como base el colosal Airbus A380!
En 1963, Bill Lear desarrolló el LearJet 23, el primer avión privado concebido específicamente para ese fin, que encendió verdaderamente la historia del mercado de jets privados y condujo a la creación de la emblemática marca LearJet.
1963 .mgt-timeline-33313414.mgt-timeline-wrapper h5.mgt-timeline-title {color: #0d6cbf!important;}.mgt-timeline-33313414.mgt-timeline-wrapper .mgt-timeline-icon-wrapper .mgt-timeline-icon,.mgt-timeline-33313414.mgt-timeline-wrapper .mgt-timeline-icon-wrapper a,.mgt-timeline-33313414.mgt-timeline-wrapper .mgt-timeline-icon-wrapper a:visited,.mgt-timeline-33313414.mgt-timeline-wrapper .mgt-timeline-icon-wrapper a:focus {color: #eded00!important;}.mgt-timeline-33313414.mgt-timeline-wrapper .mgt-timeline-text {color: #000000!important;}.mgt-timeline-33313414.mgt-timeline-wrapper .mgt-timeline-details {background-color: #ededed!important;}.mgt-timeline-33313414.mgt-timeline-wrapper.mgt-timeline-style-bordered .mgt-timeline-details,.mgt-timeline-33313414.mgt-timeline-wrapper.mgt-timeline-style-doublebordered .mgt-timeline-details {background-color: transparent!important;border-color: #ededed;}.mgt-timeline-33313414.mgt-timeline-wrapper.mgt-timeline-date-left .mgt-timeline-details-pointer {border-right: 10px solid #ededed;}.mgt-timeline-33313414.mgt-timeline-wrapper.mgt-timeline-date-right .mgt-timeline-details-pointer {border-left: 10px solid #ededed;}.mgt-timeline-33313414.mgt-timeline-wrapper .mgt-timeline-date .mgt-timeline-date-year {color: #0d6cbf!important;} La era Gulfstream En 1966, Gulfstream creó el Gulfstream II, el primer jet privado de cabina grande. Esto le permitió transportar a más pasajeros a mayores distancias 1966 .mgt-timeline-80545720.mgt-timeline-wrapper h5.mgt-timeline-title {color: #359b30!important;}.mgt-timeline-80545720.mgt-timeline-wrapper .mgt-timeline-icon-wrapper .mgt-timeline-icon,.mgt-timeline-80545720.mgt-timeline-wrapper .mgt-timeline-icon-wrapper a,.mgt-timeline-80545720.mgt-timeline-wrapper .mgt-timeline-icon-wrapper a:visited,.mgt-timeline-80545720.mgt-timeline-wrapper .mgt-timeline-icon-wrapper a:focus {color: #74d62f!important;}.mgt-timeline-80545720.mgt-timeline-wrapper:before {background-color: #dd9933!important;}.mgt-timeline-80545720.mgt-timeline-wrapper.mgt-timeline-pointer-style-line .mgt-timeline-details-pointer,.mgt-timeline-80545720.mgt-timeline-wrapper.mgt-timeline-pointer-style-dottedline .mgt-timeline-details-pointer,.mgt-timeline-80545720.mgt-timeline-wrapper.mgt-timeline-pointer-style-dashedline .mgt-timeline-details-pointer {border-color: #dd9933!important;}.mgt-timeline-80545720.mgt-timeline-wrapper .mgt-timeline-details {background-color: #7c7c7c!important;}.mgt-timeline-80545720.mgt-timeline-wrapper.mgt-timeline-style-bordered .mgt-timeline-details,.mgt-timeline-80545720.mgt-timeline-wrapper.mgt-timeline-style-doublebordered .mgt-timeline-details {background-color: transparent!important;border-color: #7c7c7c;}.mgt-timeline-80545720.mgt-timeline-wrapper.mgt-timeline-date-left .mgt-timeline-details-pointer {border-right: 10px solid #7c7c7c;}.mgt-timeline-80545720.mgt-timeline-wrapper.mgt-timeline-date-right .mgt-timeline-details-pointer {border-left: 10px solid #7c7c7c;} Embraer entra en la carrera En 1968, Embraer entró en la carrera con el bimotor turbohélice Bandeirante. Desde entonces se ha convertido en uno de los mayores fabricantes de aeronaves privadas. 1968 .mgt-timeline-22260942.mgt-timeline-wrapper .mgt-timeline-icon-wrapper .mgt-timeline-icon,.mgt-timeline-22260942.mgt-timeline-wrapper .mgt-timeline-icon-wrapper a,.mgt-timeline-22260942.mgt-timeline-wrapper .mgt-timeline-icon-wrapper a:visited,.mgt-timeline-22260942.mgt-timeline-wrapper .mgt-timeline-icon-wrapper a:focus {color: #fcfc23!important;}.mgt-timeline-22260942.mgt-timeline-wrapper .mgt-timeline-details {background-color: #ededed!important;}.mgt-timeline-22260942.mgt-timeline-wrapper.mgt-timeline-style-bordered .mgt-timeline-details,.mgt-timeline-22260942.mgt-timeline-wrapper.mgt-timeline-style-doublebordered .mgt-timeline-details {background-color: transparent!important;border-color: #ededed;}.mgt-timeline-22260942.mgt-timeline-wrapper.mgt-timeline-date-left .mgt-timeline-details-pointer {border-right: 10px solid #ededed;}.mgt-timeline-22260942.mgt-timeline-wrapper.mgt-timeline-date-right .mgt-timeline-details-pointer {border-left: 10px solid #ededed;} Boeing entra en la carrera En 1977, Boeing también se sumó a la carrera de los jets privados al convertir su exitosa línea 747. Las series VIP 747-400 y 747-8 siguen siendo muy populares hoy en día. 1977 .mgt-timeline-81905059.mgt-timeline-wrapper h5.mgt-timeline-title {color: #359b30!important;}.mgt-timeline-81905059.mgt-timeline-wrapper:before {background-color: #ff2807!important;}.mgt-timeline-81905059.mgt-timeline-wrapper.mgt-timeline-pointer-style-line .mgt-timeline-details-pointer,.mgt-timeline-81905059.mgt-timeline-wrapper.mgt-timeline-pointer-style-dottedline .mgt-timeline-details-pointer,.mgt-timeline-81905059.mgt-timeline-wrapper.mgt-timeline-pointer-style-dashedline .mgt-timeline-details-pointer {border-color: #ff2807!important;}.mgt-timeline-81905059.mgt-timeline-wrapper .mgt-timeline-details {background-color: #7c7c7c!important;}.mgt-timeline-81905059.mgt-timeline-wrapper.mgt-timeline-style-bordered .mgt-timeline-details,.mgt-timeline-81905059.mgt-timeline-wrapper.mgt-timeline-style-doublebordered .mgt-timeline-details {background-color: transparent!important;border-color: #7c7c7c;}.mgt-timeline-81905059.mgt-timeline-wrapper.mgt-timeline-date-left .mgt-timeline-details-pointer {border-right: 10px solid #7c7c7c;}.mgt-timeline-81905059.mgt-timeline-wrapper.mgt-timeline-date-right .mgt-timeline-details-pointer {border-left: 10px solid #7c7c7c;} Nace la EBAA En 1977 se fundó la Asociación Europea de Aviación de Negocios (EBAA) para promover y coordinar el sector. En 2001 comenzó a organizar encuentros. 1977 .mgt-timeline-19423488.mgt-timeline-wrapper:before {background-color: #c125e8!important;}.mgt-timeline-19423488.mgt-timeline-wrapper.mgt-timeline-pointer-style-line .mgt-timeline-details-pointer,.mgt-timeline-19423488.mgt-timeline-wrapper.mgt-timeline-pointer-style-dottedline .mgt-timeline-details-pointer,.mgt-timeline-19423488.mgt-timeline-wrapper.mgt-timeline-pointer-style-dashedline .mgt-timeline-details-pointer {border-color: #c125e8!important;}.mgt-timeline-19423488.mgt-timeline-wrapper .mgt-timeline-details {background-color: #ededed!important;}.mgt-timeline-19423488.mgt-timeline-wrapper.mgt-timeline-style-bordered .mgt-timeline-details,.mgt-timeline-19423488.mgt-timeline-wrapper.mgt-timeline-style-doublebordered .mgt-timeline-details {background-color: transparent!important;border-color: #ededed;}.mgt-timeline-19423488.mgt-timeline-wrapper.mgt-timeline-date-left .mgt-timeline-details-pointer {border-right: 10px solid #ededed;}.mgt-timeline-19423488.mgt-timeline-wrapper.mgt-timeline-date-right .mgt-timeline-details-pointer {border-left: 10px solid #ededed;} Aeropuerto de Le Bourget
El aeropuerto de París-Le Bourget pasa a dedicarse a los jets privados. Hoy es uno de los aeropuertos de jets privados con más actividad del mundo.
1980 .mgt-timeline-41345375.mgt-timeline-wrapper h5.mgt-timeline-title {color: #359b30!important;}.mgt-timeline-41345375.mgt-timeline-wrapper:before {background-color: #ff2807!important;}.mgt-timeline-41345375.mgt-timeline-wrapper.mgt-timeline-pointer-style-line .mgt-timeline-details-pointer,.mgt-timeline-41345375.mgt-timeline-wrapper.mgt-timeline-pointer-style-dottedline .mgt-timeline-details-pointer,.mgt-timeline-41345375.mgt-timeline-wrapper.mgt-timeline-pointer-style-dashedline .mgt-timeline-details-pointer {border-color: #ff2807!important;}.mgt-timeline-41345375.mgt-timeline-wrapper .mgt-timeline-details {background-color: #7c7c7c!important;}.mgt-timeline-41345375.mgt-timeline-wrapper.mgt-timeline-style-bordered .mgt-timeline-details,.mgt-timeline-41345375.mgt-timeline-wrapper.mgt-timeline-style-doublebordered .mgt-timeline-details {background-color: transparent!important;border-color: #7c7c7c;}.mgt-timeline-41345375.mgt-timeline-wrapper.mgt-timeline-date-left .mgt-timeline-details-pointer {border-right: 10px solid #7c7c7c;}.mgt-timeline-41345375.mgt-timeline-wrapper.mgt-timeline-date-right .mgt-timeline-details-pointer {border-left: 10px solid #7c7c7c;} El nacimiento de los jets ejecutivos
En la década de 1990, los jets privados comenzaron a convertirse en jets ejecutivos. Estaban pensados para altos directivos y miembros de consejos de administración, que así podían viajar sin perder el ritmo. Los viajes aéreos corporativos nunca volvieron a ser los mismos.
1990 .mgt-timeline-78812533.mgt-timeline-wrapper:before {background-color: #15992b!important;}.mgt-timeline-78812533.mgt-timeline-wrapper.mgt-timeline-pointer-style-line .mgt-timeline-details-pointer,.mgt-timeline-78812533.mgt-timeline-wrapper.mgt-timeline-pointer-style-dottedline .mgt-timeline-details-pointer,.mgt-timeline-78812533.mgt-timeline-wrapper.mgt-timeline-pointer-style-dashedline .mgt-timeline-details-pointer {border-color: #15992b!important;}.mgt-timeline-78812533.mgt-timeline-wrapper .mgt-timeline-details {background-color: #ededed!important;}.mgt-timeline-78812533.mgt-timeline-wrapper.mgt-timeline-style-bordered .mgt-timeline-details,.mgt-timeline-78812533.mgt-timeline-wrapper.mgt-timeline-style-doublebordered .mgt-timeline-details {background-color: transparent!important;border-color: #ededed;}.mgt-timeline-78812533.mgt-timeline-wrapper.mgt-timeline-date-left .mgt-timeline-details-pointer {border-right: 10px solid #ededed;}.mgt-timeline-78812533.mgt-timeline-wrapper.mgt-timeline-date-right .mgt-timeline-details-pointer {border-left: 10px solid #ededed;} Propiedad fraccionada de jets Junto con el auge de los jets ejecutivos, en los años 90 surgió la posibilidad de la propiedad fraccionada. Resultó más fácil poseer y operar un jet privado como si fuera suyo al 100%. Con ello, el chárter de jets privados también comenzó a despegar. 1990 .mgt-timeline-56283039.mgt-timeline-wrapper h5.mgt-timeline-title {color: #359b30!important;}.mgt-timeline-56283039.mgt-timeline-wrapper:before {background-color: #05bc21!important;}.mgt-timeline-56283039.mgt-timeline-wrapper.mgt-timeline-pointer-style-line .mgt-timeline-details-pointer,.mgt-timeline-56283039.mgt-timeline-wrapper.mgt-timeline-pointer-style-dottedline .mgt-timeline-details-pointer,.mgt-timeline-56283039.mgt-timeline-wrapper.mgt-timeline-pointer-style-dashedline .mgt-timeline-details-pointer {border-color: #05bc21!important;}.mgt-timeline-56283039.mgt-timeline-wrapper .mgt-timeline-details {background-color: #7c7c7c!important;}.mgt-timeline-56283039.mgt-timeline-wrapper.mgt-timeline-style-bordered .mgt-timeline-details,.mgt-timeline-56283039.mgt-timeline-wrapper.mgt-timeline-style-doublebordered .mgt-timeline-details {background-color: transparent!important;border-color: #7c7c7c;}.mgt-timeline-56283039.mgt-timeline-wrapper.mgt-timeline-date-left .mgt-timeline-details-pointer {border-right: 10px solid #7c7c7c;}.mgt-timeline-56283039.mgt-timeline-wrapper.mgt-timeline-date-right .mgt-timeline-details-pointer {border-left: 10px solid #7c7c7c;} El vuelo del Cessna Citation X
En 1993, el Cessna Citation X surca los cielos para convertirse en el jet privado más rápido, con una velocidad de Mach 0.935. Poco después, en 1996, llega el XL, el jet privado más popular del mundo.
1993 .mgt-timeline-29939143.mgt-timeline-wrapper:before {background-color: #a31515!important;}.mgt-timeline-29939143.mgt-timeline-wrapper.mgt-timeline-pointer-style-line .mgt-timeline-details-pointer,.mgt-timeline-29939143.mgt-timeline-wrapper.mgt-timeline-pointer-style-dottedline .mgt-timeline-details-pointer,.mgt-timeline-29939143.mgt-timeline-wrapper.mgt-timeline-pointer-style-dashedline .mgt-timeline-details-pointer {border-color: #a31515!important;}.mgt-timeline-29939143.mgt-timeline-wrapper .mgt-timeline-details {background-color: #ededed!important;}.mgt-timeline-29939143.mgt-timeline-wrapper.mgt-timeline-style-bordered .mgt-timeline-details,.mgt-timeline-29939143.mgt-timeline-wrapper.mgt-timeline-style-doublebordered .mgt-timeline-details {background-color: transparent!important;border-color: #ededed;}.mgt-timeline-29939143.mgt-timeline-wrapper.mgt-timeline-date-left .mgt-timeline-details-pointer {border-right: 10px solid #ededed;}.mgt-timeline-29939143.mgt-timeline-wrapper.mgt-timeline-date-right .mgt-timeline-details-pointer {border-left: 10px solid #ededed;} Falcon 7X
En 2005 debuta el Falcon 7X, el primer jet ejecutivo con sistema fly-by-wire. Este sistema sustituye todos los mandos de vuelo manuales.
2005 .mgt-timeline-36513224.mgt-timeline-wrapper h5.mgt-timeline-title {color: #359b30!important;}.mgt-timeline-36513224.mgt-timeline-wrapper:before {background-color: #4d07ff!important;}.mgt-timeline-36513224.mgt-timeline-wrapper.mgt-timeline-pointer-style-line .mgt-timeline-details-pointer,.mgt-timeline-36513224.mgt-timeline-wrapper.mgt-timeline-pointer-style-dottedline .mgt-timeline-details-pointer,.mgt-timeline-36513224.mgt-timeline-wrapper.mgt-timeline-pointer-style-dashedline .mgt-timeline-details-pointer {border-color: #4d07ff!important;}.mgt-timeline-36513224.mgt-timeline-wrapper .mgt-timeline-details {background-color: #7c7c7c!important;}.mgt-timeline-36513224.mgt-timeline-wrapper.mgt-timeline-style-bordered .mgt-timeline-details,.mgt-timeline-36513224.mgt-timeline-wrapper.mgt-timeline-style-doublebordered .mgt-timeline-details {background-color: transparent!important;border-color: #7c7c7c;}.mgt-timeline-36513224.mgt-timeline-wrapper.mgt-timeline-date-left .mgt-timeline-details-pointer {border-right: 10px solid #7c7c7c;}.mgt-timeline-36513224.mgt-timeline-wrapper.mgt-timeline-date-right .mgt-timeline-details-pointer {border-left: 10px solid #7c7c7c;} Gulfstream G650
En 2008 se presentó el Gulfstream 650, con un impresionante alcance de casi 13.000 km, lo que lo convierte hasta hoy en el jet privado de mayor alcance de la historia de la aviación privada. Con esta aeronave puede volar sin esfuerzo de Londres a Nueva York, o prácticamente a cualquier destino del mundo, con un solo depósito.
2008 .mgt-timeline-88889934.mgt-timeline-wrapper:before {background-color: #1f72ef!important;}.mgt-timeline-88889934.mgt-timeline-wrapper.mgt-timeline-pointer-style-line .mgt-timeline-details-pointer,.mgt-timeline-88889934.mgt-timeline-wrapper.mgt-timeline-pointer-style-dottedline .mgt-timeline-details-pointer,.mgt-timeline-88889934.mgt-timeline-wrapper.mgt-timeline-pointer-style-dashedline .mgt-timeline-details-pointer {border-color: #1f72ef!important;}.mgt-timeline-88889934.mgt-timeline-wrapper .mgt-timeline-details {background-color: #ededed!important;}.mgt-timeline-88889934.mgt-timeline-wrapper.mgt-timeline-style-bordered .mgt-timeline-details,.mgt-timeline-88889934.mgt-timeline-wrapper.mgt-timeline-style-doublebordered .mgt-timeline-details {background-color: transparent!important;border-color: #ededed;}.mgt-timeline-88889934.mgt-timeline-wrapper.mgt-timeline-date-left .mgt-timeline-details-pointer {border-right: 10px solid #ededed;}.mgt-timeline-88889934.mgt-timeline-wrapper.mgt-timeline-date-right .mgt-timeline-details-pointer {border-left: 10px solid #ededed;} HondaJet
En 2016, Honda se incorporó a la industria de los jets privados con el HondaJet, dirigido al mercado de los jets muy ligeros (VLJ, por sus siglas en inglés): viajes asequibles en jet privado para pocos pasajeros. El HondaJet resulta además singular porque sus dos motores van montados sobre el ala.
2016 .mgt-timeline-78882530.mgt-timeline-wrapper h5.mgt-timeline-title {color: #359b30!important;}.mgt-timeline-78882530.mgt-timeline-wrapper:before {background-color: #dd890b!important;}.mgt-timeline-78882530.mgt-timeline-wrapper.mgt-timeline-pointer-style-line .mgt-timeline-details-pointer,.mgt-timeline-78882530.mgt-timeline-wrapper.mgt-timeline-pointer-style-dottedline .mgt-timeline-details-pointer,.mgt-timeline-78882530.mgt-timeline-wrapper.mgt-timeline-pointer-style-dashedline .mgt-timeline-details-pointer {border-color: #dd890b!important;}.mgt-timeline-78882530.mgt-timeline-wrapper .mgt-timeline-details {background-color: #7c7c7c!important;}.mgt-timeline-78882530.mgt-timeline-wrapper.mgt-timeline-style-bordered .mgt-timeline-details,.mgt-timeline-78882530.mgt-timeline-wrapper.mgt-timeline-style-doublebordered .mgt-timeline-details {background-color: transparent!important;border-color: #7c7c7c;}.mgt-timeline-78882530.mgt-timeline-wrapper.mgt-timeline-date-left .mgt-timeline-details-pointer {border-right: 10px solid #7c7c7c;}.mgt-timeline-78882530.mgt-timeline-wrapper.mgt-timeline-date-right .mgt-timeline-details-pointer {border-left: 10px solid #7c7c7c;} Más allá de la Tierra
Dentro de la historia de la aviación privada, los viajes espaciales privados ya están en el horizonte. SpaceX ha logrado recientemente un hito al lanzar el primer vuelo espacial con pasajeros privados a bordo. El futuro de la aviación privada está llamado a trascender las fronteras terrestres y adentrarse en el cosmos.
202X .mgt-timeline-3865420.mgt-timeline-wrapper:before {background-color: #eded00!important;}.mgt-timeline-3865420.mgt-timeline-wrapper.mgt-timeline-pointer-style-line .mgt-timeline-details-pointer,.mgt-timeline-3865420.mgt-timeline-wrapper.mgt-timeline-pointer-style-dottedline .mgt-timeline-details-pointer,.mgt-timeline-3865420.mgt-timeline-wrapper.mgt-timeline-pointer-style-dashedline .mgt-timeline-details-pointer {border-color: #eded00!important;}.mgt-timeline-3865420.mgt-timeline-wrapper .mgt-timeline-details {background-color: #ededed!important;}.mgt-timeline-3865420.mgt-timeline-wrapper.mgt-timeline-style-bordered .mgt-timeline-details,.mgt-timeline-3865420.mgt-timeline-wrapper.mgt-timeline-style-doublebordered .mgt-timeline-details {background-color: transparent!important;border-color: #ededed;}.mgt-timeline-3865420.mgt-timeline-wrapper.mgt-timeline-date-left .mgt-timeline-details-pointer {border-right: 10px solid #ededed;}.mgt-timeline-3865420.mgt-timeline-wrapper.mgt-timeline-date-right .mgt-timeline-details-pointer {border-left: 10px solid #ededed;} Preguntas frecuentes sobre el jet privado Bombardier Global 8000 ¿Cuál fue el primer jet privado? El primer jet privado oficial fue el Lockheed Jetstar. Sin embargo, el mercado despegó de verdad con el Learjet de 1963. El LearJet 23 era una aeronave pequeña que ofrecía vuelos para cuatro a seis personas. ¡Todavía hay algunos LearJet 23 que siguen ofreciendo vuelos hoy en día! ¿Cuántos jets privados hay en el mundo? Actualmente hay en el mundo más de 15 000 jets privados. Se prevé que esta cifra se duplique o se triplique en la próxima década. Se puede afirmar con seguridad que el mercado de los jets privados es un mercado multimillonario. ¿Qué tipos de jets privados existen? El mercado de los jets privados es extremadamente amplio. Abarca desde asequibles aeronaves VLJ de corto alcance hasta enormes aeronaves de largo alcance que permiten a celebridades, amigos y familiares dar la vuelta al mundo con el máximo lujo. Sus precios van desde $1-2 millones hasta $500 millones.
Conclusión
Los jets privados tienen una historia fascinante y variada, y su futuro también promete cosas muy interesantes. ¿Qué le gustaría ver que hicieran los jets privados?